CONSUMER COUNCIL ORDINANCE ——附加英文版
Hong Kong
CONSUMER COUNCIL ORDINANCE
(CHAPTER 216)
CONTENTS
ion
I PRELIMINARY
hort title
nterpretation
II INCORPORATION AND POWERS
ncorporation of Consumer Council
unctions of Council
owers of Council
embership of Council
eetings of Council
ommittees
isclosure of member's interest
Appointment of staff and advisers
Documents of Council
III FINANCIAL
Resources of Council
Borrowing powers
Investment of funds
Estimates
Accounts, audit and annual report
IV GENERAL
Council not servant or agent of Crown
Governor may give directions
Protection of members of Council and committees
Prohibition of exploitation of the Council's name for
advertisement
oses
Transitional provisions
dule
Whole document
ncorporate the Consumer Council, to define its functions and
powers,
egative personal liability of members and employees for the
Council's
ts committees' acts or omissions, and for connected purposes.
July 1977] L. N. 167 of 1977
PART I PRELIMINARY
hort title
Ordinance may be cited as the Consumer Council Ordinance.
nterpretation
his Ordinance, unless the context otherwise requires--
ncil" means the Consumer Council incorporated by section 3 (1);
ancial year" means each period of 12 months ending with 31 March;
ber" means a member of the Council.
PART II INCORPORATION AND POWERS
ncorporation of Consumer Council
The Consumer Council existing at the commencement of this
Ordinance is
by created a body corporate consisting of the persons who from
time to
hold office as members of the Council.
The Council shall have perpetual succession and a common
seal and
l be capable of suing and being sued and of doing and suffering
all
other acts and things as bodies corporate may lawfully do and
suffer.
The Council shall continue to be known in the Chinese language
as.
unctions of Council
The functions of the Council are to protect and promote the
interests
onsumers of goods and services and purchasers, mortgagors and
lessees
mmovable property by--
collecting, receiving and disseminating
rmation concerning goods, services and immovable property;
receiving and examining complaints by and giving advice to
consumers
oods and services and purchasers, mortgagors and lessees of
immovable
erty;
taking such action as it thinks justified by information
in its
ession, including tendering advice to the Government or to any
public
cer;
encouraging business and professional associations to
blish codes of practice to regulate the activities of their
members;
undertaking such other functions as the Council may adopt
with the
r approval of the Governor in Council.
The Governor may be notice in writing to the Council
declare any
s, services or immovable property or class of goods,
services or
vable property to be outside the scope of the Council's
functions
r subsection (1).
In subsection (1) and in section 5 (2) (c) "goods and services"
does
include goods and services which are--
supplied by--
the Government, the Urban Council or the Regional Council; or
(Amended
f 1985 s. 60)
a body mentioned in the Schedule; or
made the subject of a declaration under subsection (2).
The Governor in Council may, by order published in the Gazette,
amend
Schedule. (Amended 5 of 1992 s. 2)
owers of Council
The Council may do such things as are reasonably necessary to
enable
o carry out its functions.
Without restricting the generality of subsection (1), the Council
may
arrying out its functions--
acquire, hold and dispose of all kinds of property
movable and
vable and in any manner which it thinks fit;
enter into any contract;
undertake the testing and examination of goods and
services and
ection of immovable property; (Amended 5 of 1992s. 3)
produce or distribute, by way of sale or otherwise, any
publication
h is of interest to consumers;
do any thing which it may do under this ordinance in
association or
peration with any other person or sponsor any other person to do
that
g;
charge for the use of any facility or service provided by the
Council;
with the prior approval of the Governor, become a member
of or
liate to any international body concerned with consumer matters.
embership of Council
The Council shall consist of the following members--
a Chairman who shall be appointed by the Governor for a
term not
eding 2 years;
a Vice-Chairman who shall be appointed by the Governor for a term
not
eding 2 years; and (Replaced 28 of 1985 s. 2)
not more than 20 other persons each of whom shall be appointed
by the
rnor for a term not exceeding 2 years. (Replaced 28 of 1989 s.
2)
The Chairman, Vice-Chairman and any other member
appointed under
ection (1) (c) may be reappointed upon expiry of their
respective
s of office. (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 2)
The Chairman, Vice-Chairman and any other member
appointed under
ection (1) (c) may at any time-- (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 2)
resign his office by notice to the Governor; or
be removed therefrom by the Governor for permanent incapacity or
other
icient cause, and upon such resignation or removal the term for
which
as appointed shall be deemed to have expired.
Where the Chairman, Vice-Chairman or any other member appointed
under
ection (1) (c) is precluded by temporary incapacity or other
cause
exercising his functions as such for any period the
Governor may
int another person to act in place of the Chairman Vice-
Chairman or
r member during such period with all such rights, powers,
duties or
ilities as if he had been appointed under subsection (1). (Amended
28
985s. 2)
(Replaced 28 of 1985s. 2)
Where any question arises under subsection (3) or (4) as to
whether
incapacity or cause exists or whether any incapacity is
temporary or
anent or any cause sufficient, the decision of the Governor
thereon
l be final.
eetings of Council
Meetings of the Council shall be held at such times and places
as the
cil, the Chairman or in his absence, the Vice-Chairman may from
time
ime appoint.
The following procedural provisions shall apply to
y meeting of the Council and subject thereto the Council may
regulate
own procedure--
at meetings of the Council 11 members shall form a quorum;
(Replaced
f 1989 s. 3. Amended 5 of 1992 s. 4)
the Chairman or in his absence, the Vice-Chairman shall preside
or, if
are absent or disqualified under section 9 (c), the members
present
l appoint one of their number to preside;
every question shall be determined by a majority of votes
of the
ers present and voting thereon;
in the event of an equality of votes the member presiding shall
have a
ing vote in addition to his ordinary vote.
nded 28 of 1985 s. 3)
ommittees
The Council may appoint committees and may delegate to
them the
cise and performance of any of its powers and functions except
this
r of delegation.
Persons who are not members of the Council are
ible for appointment to committees.
Subject to the terms of any delegation by the
Council, every
ittee--
may exercise and perform the delegated powers and functions
the same effect as if it were the Council itself;
shall be presumed to be acting in accordance with the terms of
the
gation in the absence of proof to the contrary;
may regulate its own procedure.
isclosure of member's interest
member of the Council, or of any committee of the Council,
has a
ct or indirect commercial interest in any matter under discussion
at a
ing of the Council or of the committee, being an interest greater
than
which he has as a member of the general public, the
following
isions shall apply--
he shall disclose the nature of his interest at the meeting;
the disclosure shall be recorded in the minutes;
where the disclosure is made by the member presiding, he shall
vacate
chair during the discussion;
the member (including one who has vacated the chair under
paragraph
shall, if so required by the member presiding, withdraw
from the
ing during the discussion and shall not in any case,
except as
rwise determined by the member presiding, vote on any
resolution
erning the matter or be counted for the purpose of establishing
the
tence of a quorum.
Appointment of staff and advisers
Subject to subsection (4), the Council shall appoint a person to
hold
office of Chief Executive. (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 4)
The Council may appoint such other employees as it thinks
fit and
ect to subsection (4), determine all matters relating
to their
neratior and terms and conditions of appointment or employment.
The Council may engage the services of technical and
professional
sers in such manner and on such terms and conditions as it thinks
fit.
The Council shall obtain the prior approval of the Governor to--
any appointment proposed to be made under subsection (1) and the
terms
conditions thereof;
the suspension or dismissal of the Chief Executive;
the salary or salary scale (including allowances and other
pecuniary
fits) and conditions of employment applicable to the Chief
Executive
every other employee or class employee, and any variation
thereof.
nded 28 of 1985 s. 4)
No person shall be employed by the Council otherwise than on the
salar
alary scale or on the conditions of employment applicable to that
pers
oved by the Governor under subsection (4).
Documents of Council
The Council may make and execute all such documents as may
expedient
or conducive to the exercise and performance of its power
functions
duties.
The fixing of the seal of the Council to any document
l--
be authorized by resolution of the Council; and
be authenticated by the signatures of any 2 members
authorize by
lution of the Council, either generally or specially, to ao for
that
ose.
Any document purporting to be duly executed under the seal
of the
cil shall, unless the contrary is proved, be considered to be
duly
uted.
Any contract or instrument which if entered into or executed
by a
on not being a body corporate would not be required to be in the
form
deed may be entered into or executed on behalf of the Council by
any
on generally or specially authorized by the Council for that
purpose.
PART III FINANCIAL
Resources of Council
The Governor may, out of money appropriated for the purpose
by the
slative Council, authorize payment to the Consumer Council
of such
nts as he thinks fit.
The resources of the Council shall consist
all money received by the Council pursuant to subsection (1);
money paid to the Council by way of donations, fees,
subscriptions,
and interest;
all other money and property, including accumulations of
income,
ived by the Council for its purposes.
Borrowing powers
Council may, with the approval of the Financial Secretary,
borrow or
rwise raise money and charge all or any part of its
property as
rity therefor.
Investment of funds
money of the Council that is not immediately required
shall be
sted--
on fixed deposit in any bank or savings bank approved by the
ncial Secretary, either generally or in any particular case, for
the
ose; or
in such other forms of investment as the Financial
Secretary may
ove.
Estimates
Council shall in each financial year adopt estimates of
income and
nditure for the ensuing financial year and, before a date
to be
inted by the Financial Secretary, send them to the Governor for
his
oval together with a programme of its proposed activities
for the
ing financial year.
Accounts, audit and annual report
The Council shall keep proper accounts and proper records in
relation
eto and shall within 3 months after the expiry of a financial year,
or
further period as the Financial Secretary may allow,
prepare a
ement of the accounts of the Council, which statement shall
include an
me and expenditure account and a balance sheet.
The Council
l, subject to subsection (3), appoint an auditor, who
shall be
tled to have access at any time to all books of account, vouchers
and
r financial records of the Council and to require such information
and
anations relating thereto as he thinks fit.
The Council shall obtain the prior approval of the Financial
Secretary
ny appointment proposed to be made under subsection (2).
The auditor shall, as soon as is practicable, audit the
accounts
ired by subsection (1) and shall submit a report thereon
to the
cil.
The Council shall within 3 months after the receipt by it
of the
tor's report in respect of its accounts for a financial
year, or
in such further period as the Financial Secretary may allow,
furnish--
a report on the affairs of the Council for that year;
a copy of its accounts therefor; and
the auditor's report on the accounts, to the Governor who shall
cause
same to be tabled in the Legislative Council.
PART IV GENERAL
Council not servant or agent of Crown
Council is not a servant or agent of the Crown and does not enjoy
any
us, immunity or privilege of the Crown.
Governor may give directions
The Governor may, if he considers that the public
interest so
ires, give to the Council such directions as he thinks
fit with
ect to the exercise and performance by the Council of its
powers,
tions and duties under this Ordinance, either generally or
in any
icular case.
The Council shall comply with any direction given to
it under
ection (1).
Protection of members of Council and committees
No member or employee of the Council or of any committee
of the
cil shall be personally liable for any act done or default made--
by the Council; or
by any committee of the Council, acting in good faith in the course
of
operations of the Council or of the committee.
The protection hereby conferred on members and employees
of the
cil or of a committee in respect of any act or default shall not
in
way affect any liability of the Council for that act or default.
Prohibition of exploitation of the Council's name for
advertisement
oses
No person shall, with a view to promoting or disparaging any
s, services or immovable property or promoting the image
of any
on, publish or cause to be published any advertisement which
either
essly or by implication makes reference to--
the Council;
any committee, member, agent or employee of the Council;
the Council's publication or finding of tests or surveys
conducted by
n behalf of the Council; or
any other information published by the Council, without
written
ent of the Council.
Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence
and is
le to a fine of $ 100,000.
For the purpose of subsection (1) "advertisement" may be
constituted
ny words, whether written or spoken, or any picture, drawing,
visual
e, figure or article--
appearing in any publication; or
brought to the notice of the public or any section of the public
in
other way. (Replaced 5 of 1992 s. 5)
Transitional provisions
All property of whatever kind and whether movable or immovable
vested
r belonging to the Consumer Council existing at the
commencement of
Ordinance shall as from that date vest in or belong to that
Council
ts corporate capacity without any further assurance.
All obligations and liabilities of the said Consumer Council
are as
the commencement of this Ordinance the obligations and
liabilities of
Council in its corporate capacity.
Where anything has been commenced by or under the authority
of the
Consumer Council before the commencement of this Ordinance such
thing
be carried on any completed by the Council in its corporate
capacity.
Every person who immediately before the commencement of this
Ordinance
s an appointment as Chairman, Executive Director or a member of
the
Consumer Council is, as from such commencement but subject to
the
s of his appointment, the Chairman, Executive Director, or a
member of
Council, as the case may be, for the purposes of this Ordinance.
Notwithstanding the definition of "financial year" in section
2 the
od between the commencement of this Ordinance and 31 March 1978
shall
eemed to be a financial year.
No stamp duty shall be payable in respect of any transfer of
property
r this section.
SCHEDULE
Television Limited
a Light and Power Company, Limited
a Motor Bus Company, Limited
Cross-Harbour Tunnel Company, Limited
Marketing Organization
Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited
Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Company Limited
不分页显示 总共2页 1 [2]
下一页
案情
1992年,原住江西省瑞金市黄柏乡瑞兰村兴村小组的钟益辉在县城购买了房屋居住(其本人仍为农村户口),便将农村的房屋出售给本村村民钟小华。双方签订了房屋买卖合同,约定钟益辉将位于瑞兰村兴村的自建房屋四间卖予钟小华名下为业,房价款7100元于签订协议的当日付清。同时,还写明对房屋门口原由钟益辉承包经营的一口水塘由买方钟小华经营。另一口在沙岭的水塘,口头约定也由买方经营。协议签订后,钟小华对房屋进行了改建,并对门口水塘靠近房屋部分填埋修成为道路,另一部分则种上了脐橙。对沙岭水塘钟小华则转包给了同村村民钟水发经营。2011年5月,钟益辉以钟小华擅自改变门口水塘的用途,未经其同意将沙岭水塘的经营权转包给他人为由,向法院起诉,要求收回两口水塘的承包经营权。
裁判
江西省瑞金市人民法院经审理认为,原、被告双方签订合同后,房屋已交付,房款已付清,故可认定协议成立并已生效。原告以协议及口头的形式分别将两口水塘的经营权流转给被告,双方并未明确流转期限,故本案土地转包合同应为不定期合同。被告在取得经营权后,在未征得原承包户同意的情况下,将门口水塘改变用途及将沙岭水塘转包给他人经营均系违约行为。基于土地经营权流转合同为不定期,被告又存在违约行为,故原告有权解除门口水塘及沙岭水塘的土地流转合同,对其要求判决被告返还两口水塘经营权的请求应予以支持。法院判决:原告对门口水塘、沙岭水塘均享有土地承包经营权;解除原告与被告之间的土地经营权流转合同关系,第三人钟水发应在本判决生效后三十日内将沙岭水塘返还给原告经营,被告钟小华在下一个适合脐橙移植的季节结束前将脐橙移种他处并将门口水塘返还给原告经营。
被告钟小华不服一审判决,提起上诉。
江西省赣州市中级人民法院经审理认为,合同核心内容是买卖房屋,尽管也约定了门口水塘由钟小华经营,但没有约定将门口水塘转让。土地承包经营权转让是一次性将承包经营权这一用益物权转让给受让人的一种流转方式,是一种不能回转的流转形式。土地承包经营权的转让应当采用较为严谨的方式,即采用书面合同的形式明确,没有书面合同或合同约定不清的,不能推定有土地承包经营权转让之意。从维护农村土地承包的稳定性出发,应作有利于原承包户的理解,即不认为长期经营即是转让,而作不定期合同认定。法院判决:驳回上诉,维持原判。
评析
1.原承包经营户迁入小城镇居住是否丧失承包经营权资格
钟益辉全家的户口除其本人外,在1992年就迁入瑞金市区并转为非农业户口,但瑞金是县级市,县城还属小城镇。根据农村土地承包法第二十六条的规定:“承包期内,承包方全家迁入小城镇落户的,应当按照承包方的意愿,保留其土地承包经营权或者允许其依法进行土地承包经营权流转。”所以,对原承包地他仍有权保留。反之,如果其全家迁入的是设区的市,并转为非农业户口的,则应将承包的土地交回发包方。承包方不交回的,发包方可以收回承包的土地。
2.关于土地流转的方式
本案争议双方于1992年签订房屋买卖合同时,曾对门口水塘约定由钟小华经营,但没有约定是转让给其经营,还是转包给其经营,是临时经营还是长期经营,容易使人产生歧义。农村土地承包法第三十七条规定:“土地承包权采取转包、出租、互换、转让或其他方式流转,当事人双方应签订书面合同。采用转让方式流转的,应当经发包方同意;采用转包、出租、互换或其他方式流转的应当报发包方备案。”因此,没有签订书面合同或合同约定不明的,不能认定为有土地承包经营权转让的意思表示。本案双方虽在合同中约定门口水塘由购买方经营,至今已达二十年之久,但不能据此认定长期经营即是转让。最高人民法院《关于审理涉及农村土地承包纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第十七条规定:“当事人对转包、出租地流转期限没有约定或者约定不明的,参照合同法第二百三十二条规定处理。除当事人另有约定或者属于林地承包经营外,承包地交回的时间应当在农作物收获期结束后或者下一耕种期开始前。”对本案歧义,应作有利于原承包户的理解,即认定为不定期转包合同。原承包户要求收回承包地,可视为终止不定期合同,因此,其请求获得法院的支持。
本案案号:(2011)瑞民一初字第355号,(2012)赣中民一终字第14号
(作者单位:江西省瑞金市人民法院)