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贵阳市城市节约用水管理实施规定

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贵阳市城市节约用水管理实施规定

贵州省贵阳市人民政府


贵阳市城市节约用水管理实施规定

贵阳市人民政府令第3号


《贵阳市城市节约用水管理实施规定》已经2009年4月13日市人民政府常务会议通过,现予公布,自2009年8月1日起施行。







市长 袁周



二○○九年五月六日







贵阳市城市节约用水管理实施规定



第一章总则



第一条 为加强城市节约用水管理,科学合理利用水资源,根据有关法律、法规,结合本市实际,制定本规定。

第二条 本市城市公共供水企业、使用城市公共供水和自建设施供水的单位和个人,必须遵守本规定。

第三条 城市节约用水应当遵循统一规划、总量控制、计划用水、治污为本、科学开源、综合利用的原则,大力推行节约用水措施,推广节约用水新技术、新工艺,发展节约用水型产业,建设节水型城市。

第四条 市人民政府城市节水行政主管部门主管本市计划用水、节约用水工作,其所属的节约用水管理机构具体负责云岩区、南明区、小河区、高新区和市人民政府确定区域的城市节约用水日常工作。

其他区(县、市)人民政府城市节水行政主管部门负责本行政区域内城市计划用水、节约用水日常工作。

第五条 符合下列条件的,按照下列规定予以表彰:

(一)在节约用水和节约用水管理工作中,做出突出贡献的单位和个人,由市人民政府予以表彰;

(二)在节水科学技术研究开发和创建节水型社会、节水型单位、节水型社区等工作中,做出突出贡献的单位和个人,由市、区(县、市)节水行政主管部门予以表彰;

(三)在节水科学技术推广使用和单位节水管理工作中,做出突出贡献的内设机构和个人,由其所在单位予以表彰。

第二章计划用水

第六条 月用水量在100立方米以上的非居民生活用水的单位、个人,需使用城市供水(含自建设施供水)或者增加城市公共供水量的,必须向所在地的城市节水行政主管部门申请用水计划指标,城市节水行政主管部门自收到申请之日起5个工作日内按规定下达用水指标,并签订计划用水管理责任书。

非居民生活用水单位或者个人应当在规定期限内,到所在地城市节水行政主管部门申报下一年度用水计划。不按时申报计划的,按上一年度用水计划指标核减20%后,作为本年度计划用水指标。

第七条 超出计划用水指标的用水量,除据实缴纳水费外,城市节水行政主管部门根据该单位实际执行的水价标准,收取超计划累进加价水费:

(一)超计划用水25%(含25%)以下的,按水价的1倍加价收费;

(二)超计划用水25%以上50%(含50%)以下的,按水价的2倍加价收费;

(三)超计划用水50%以上100%(含100%)以下的,按水价的3倍加价收费;

(四)超计划用水100%以上的,按水价的4倍加价收费。

超计划用水单位必须在接到缴费通知之日起15日内,足额缴纳超计划用水加价水费,逾期不缴纳的,按每超1日加收超计划用水加价水费5‰的滞纳金。

第八条 需申请临时用水(含基建用水)计划的单位或者个人,须到临时用水项目所在地的城市节水行政主管部门申请临时计划用水指标,签订临时用水管理协议。用水单位或者个人应保证临时水表完好,不得损坏或者擅自更换。

城市节水行政主管部门自收到临时计划用水指标申请之日起5个工作日内,根据计划用水指标管理规范要求,作出批准或者不批准的决定。

第九条 临时用水(含基建用水)有下列情形之一的,按以下标准实行累进加价收费:

(一)超过使用期,但未超过临时用水指标的,按超期使用水量水价的1—2倍加价收费;

(二)超过使用期,并超过临时用水指标的,其超计划用水量按水价的2—4倍加价收费;

(三)擅自更换、拆除临时用水表和欺瞒真实用水量的,按实际下达计划水量的4—10倍加价收费。

第十条 非居民生活用水单位或者个人用水未按本规定第六条、第八条规定申请用水计划指标使用城市供水的,其水量按水价的4—10倍加价收取。

建筑施工用水未安装临时水表的,其用水量按已建工程面积每平方米建筑施工用水定额水量计算。

第十一条 非居民生活用水单位或者个人应当做好计划用水统计工作,建立健全用水日抄月报原始记录和统计台帐,并于次月25日前向所在地的城市节水行政主管部门报送节约用水统计报表。

供水企业应当于每月25日前向所在地城市节水行政主管部门报送上月用水单位的用水量和相关用水资料。

区(县、市)城市节水行政主管部门应当将年度节约用水数据统计汇总,于次年1月30日前报市城市节水行政主管部门备案。

第三章节约用水

第十二条 建设项目配套建设的节约用水设施实行评估制度。建筑面积在2万平方米以上的新建、改建和扩建的建设项目,应当在可行性研究阶段编制节约用水设施评估报告,其他建设项目的可行性研究报告应当包括节约用水设施方案。

第十三条 建设单位应当将建设项目节约用水评估报告或者方案报建设项目所在地城市节水行政主管部门审查,城市节水行政主管部门应当自受理之日起5个工作日内作出审查意见。

建设项目在办理供水开户手续时,应当向供水企业提交该建设项目节约用水设施评估报告或者方案的审查意见。

第十四条 新建、改建、扩建的建设项目符合下列条件的,应当配套建设中水设施:

(一)建筑面积在2万平方米以上的宾(旅)馆、饭店、商店、公寓、综合性服务楼及高层住宅;

(二)建筑面积在3万平方米以上的机关、科研单位、大专院校和大型综合性文化、体育设施;

(三)住宅小区规划人口在3万人以上的;

(四)中水日用水量在750立方米以上的。

第十五条 已建、新建、改建、扩建的污水处理厂,应当按照城市节约用水规划,建设相应的城市污水处理再生水利用设施。

第十六条 中水设施、再生水利用设施由建设单位负责建设,其建设投资应当纳入主体工程总概算,并与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时交付使用。

第十七条 节约用水设施、中水设施、再生水利用设施竣工后,应当经项目所在地的规划、城市节水行政主管部门核实。未经核实或者经核实不符合规划条件的,建设单位不得组织竣工验收。

建设单位应当将节约用水设施、中水设施、再生水利用设施竣工验收相关材料报建设项目所在地城市节水行政主管部门备案。

第十八条 再生水、中水设施管道、水箱等设备的设置必须按规定统一颜色、设置标识,严禁与供水设施连接。

园林、绿化、景观、洗车、环卫及建设施工用水,应当首选使用再生水。

第十九条 非居民生活用水单位或者个人应当加强对用水及节水设施、设备、器具的管理和维护,保持完好和正常运行,避免漏水损失。

已安装使用非节水型器具的非居民生活用水单位或者个人,应当按市节约用水管理机构的要求限期更换。

鼓励居民生活用水户使用节水型器具。

第二十条 从事洗车、洗浴、游泳、水上娱乐等业务的场所必须安装、使用节约用水设施、设备。

第二十一条 月用水量在1000立方米以上的非居民生活用水单位或者个人,应当每3年至5年进行一次水量平衡测试,发现浪费情形的,应当及时予以整改。

非居民生活用水单位或者个人申请增加计划用水指标的,必须按规定进行水量平衡测试。

第二十二条 对符合以下节约用水奖励条件的单位,经城市节水行政主管部门和财政部门批准后,按节约用水量水价的30%提取节约用水奖金:

(一)用水量低于用水计划,产量消耗不超定额;

(二)水表保护完好,用水计量准确,相关统计台账和资料齐全;

(三)节约用水措施和管理制度健全并落到实处,完成节约用水基础管理工作。

行政、事业单位经考核后的节约用水奖励经费,由各行政、事业单位上报在下一年度部门预算中,经财政部门核实后进行预算批复。

企业的节约用水奖励经费从节约的水费中列支,计入成本。

第四章罚则

第二十三条 建设单位未将建设项目节约用水评估报告或方案报建设项目所在地城市节水行政主管部门审查的,责令限期改正,逾期未改正的,处2000元以上1万元以下罚款。

第二十四条 新建、改建、扩建的建设项目,建设单位不按规定配套建设中水设施或者所建中水设施未达到国家要求,擅自投入使用的,责令停止使用,限期改正,处5万元以上10万元以下罚款。

已建、新建、改建、扩建的污水处理厂未按规定建设城市污水处理再生利用设施擅自投入使用的,责令停止使用,限期改正,处5万元以上10万元以下罚款。

第二十五条 非居民生活用水单位或者个人未按要求更换非节水型器具的,按每套(件、只)处30元以上100元以下罚款,罚款总额最高不超过1万元。

第二十六条 从事洗车、洗浴、游泳、水上娱乐等业务的单位或者个人,未安装使用节约用水设施的,处1000元以上1万以下罚款。

第五章附则

第二十七条 本规定所称“再生水”,是指城市污水和废水经处理净化后,水质达到国家城市污水再生利用分类标准,可以在一定范围内使用的非饮用水,用于农业灌溉、绿化浇灌、道路清洁、工业冷却、景观环境、城市杂用和建筑物内杂用(包括洗涤、冲渣、生活冲厕、洗车等)可以接受其水质标准的用水。

本规定所称中水,是指部分生活污水经处理净化后,达到《生活杂用水水质标准》,可以在一定范围内重复使用的非饮用水。

本规定所称中水设施,是指中水的集水、净化处理、供水、计量、检测设施以及其他附属设施。

第二十八条 本规定自2009年8月1日起施行。



关于《贵阳市城市节约用水管理实施规定》的说明



一、制定的必要性。

本市属缺水城市,市委、市政府一直重视城市节约用水管理工作,并取得了一定成绩。但进一步加强和规范本市城市节约用水管理工作仍然十分紧迫,主要有以下方面的因素:一是本市水资源分布时空不均匀、开发利用难度大、投资高、市区水资源十分匮缺、供水形势严竣的矛盾突出,而进一步加强节约用水管理是解决这一矛盾的有效途径之一。二是《贵阳市2005年—2015城市节约用水规划》中提出“到2010年把贵阳市建设成为国家节水型城市,2015年将贵阳市建设成为节水型社会”的目标,与我市节约用水管理的现状存在差距,必须进一步加强节约用水管理工作。三是本市节约用水总体水平相对较低,水的利用率不高,用水浪费严重,与全国先进水平相比差距较大,如:工业用水重复利用率仅68.4%,而全国先进城市普遍高于80%;主要工业产品取水量高于全国平均水平;城市供水管网漏失率现为26%,而2010年则要达8%,其差距较大。四是用水单位节约用水管理水平参差不齐,有的单位忽视节约用水管理,有的企业节水工作甚至无人管,浪费用水现象时有发生。五是节约用水“三同时(节约用水设施同时设计、同时施工、同时投入使用)、四到位(用水计划到位、节水目标到位、节水措施到位、管水制度到位)”不能得到有效贯彻落实,制约了节约用水工作的开展。六是随着节约用水管理工作新形势的诸多变化,国务院近年来出台了《国务院关于加强城市供水节水和水污染防治工作的通知》、《国务院办公厅关于开展资源节约活动的通知》等系列文件,对节约用水工作提出了更高、更明确的要求。

为加强城市节约用水管理工作,本市于1998年颁布实施了《贵阳市城市节约用水管理条例》(以下简称《条例》)的地方性法规,对规范本市城市节约用水管理和促进水资源合理配置起到了极其重要的作用。但其相关规定较原则、较宏观、不够具体,实际工作中不便操作,需进一步细化。为增强全市节约用水意识,深入贯彻落实国务院关于节约用水管理的有关文件精神,进一步规范本市城市节约用水管理,减少用水浪费和排污量,有效贯彻落实好节约用水“三同时、四到位”的管理措施,缓解供水形势严竣的困难,实现水资源优化配置与可持续利用,推进创建国家节水型城市和节水型社会目标的早日实现,使节约用水工作更好地服务于建设生态文明城市。

基于上述情况,制定《贵阳市城市节约用水管理实施规定》(以下简称《规定》),十分适时和必要。

二、起草的依据及过程。

(一)起草的依据:

1.《中华人民共和国城乡规划法》;

2.《中华人民共和国水法》;

3.《贵阳市建设循环经济生态城市条例》;

4.《贵阳市城市节约用水管理条例》。

(二)起草的过程:

按照市政府的要求,2007年5月,市城管局成立了《规定》调研起草小组。调研起草小组在广泛深入调研和借鉴外地城市节约用水管理经验的基础上,结合本市城市节约用水管理工作的实际,草拟了《规定(征求意见稿)》。广泛征求了各区(县、市)人民政府和市规划、建设、水利、物价、质监、财政等有关部门的意见和建议,修改后形成送审稿,报市政府法制办。市政府法制办收到该送审稿后,对照有关法律、法规和政策进行了修改,会同市城管局再次广泛征求了上述各部门的意见,结合征求意见情况,反复修改,数易其稿,形成草案,已经2009年4月13日市政府常务会议通过。

三、需要说明的几个问题。

(一)关于《规定》的指导思想。

起草《规定》的指导思想是在保障用水的前提下,通过节约用水杜绝浪费,促进科学合理用水。《规定》在起草过程中,在指导原则上强调保障用水和杜绝浪费相结合,即:在计划管理方面突出以非居民生活用水单位或个人为重点,在管理方式上实行行政监管与经济调节相结合,在服务模式上实行事后监管与行政指导相结合,在具体下达用水计划方式上结合本市水资源十分匮缺的特点,坚持既节约用水又保证用户正常生产经营需要的原则。

(二)关于强调计划用水管理。

计划用水是节约用水的前提和主要工作手段之一,没有计划用水就没有节约用水。《中华人民共和国水法》第四十九条规定:“用水应当计量,并按照批准的用水计划用水。用水实行计量收费和超定额累进加价制度”;国务院明确提出:要科学制定各类用水定额和非居民用水计划,实行超计划、超定额累进加价制度;《条例》对超计划用水累进加价制度作了原则规定,要求超过核定用水计划的部分,按照标准水价的1至10倍实行超计划累进加价收费。根据上述规定,结合本市节约用水管理工作的实际,《规定》第六条、第八条对非居民生活用水单位或者个人用水计划的申请与审批程序、步骤等方面作了具体规定,第七条、第九条、第十条对超计划用水加价水费的收取标准作了具体规定。

(三)关于强化节约用水管理措施。

为强化本市城市节约用水管理措施,结合本市节约用水管理的实际,《规定》规范了以下方面的措施:一是根据《中华人民共和国水法》和《条例》的规定,细化了节约用水设施“三同时”制度,要求新建、改建、扩建建设项目,应当编制节水设施评估报告或方案,配套建设节约用水设施,规定了节水设施评估报告或方案的审查程序。二是把城市污水资源化作为城市节水重要措施之一,为鼓励使用再生水和推动本市污水综合利用工作,要求不同条件的新建、改建、扩建的建设项目应当配套建设中水设施,已建、新建、改建、扩建的污水处理厂也应当建设相应的城市污水处理再生水利用设施。三是关于建设项目节水设施、中水设施、再生水利用设施的验收,《中华人民共和国水法》、《条例》均没有规定验收部门,依据《中华人民共和国城乡规划法》关于建设项目组织竣工验收前须进行规划核实的规定,《规定》对建设项目节水设施、中水设施、再生水利用设施竣工验收前进行规划核实作了相应规定。四是推广使用节约用水器具,要求经营洗车、洗浴、游泳、水上娱乐等业务的场所必须安装、使用节约用水设施、设备。五是为鼓励和表彰城市节约用水的企业或单位,参照城乡建设环境保护部、国家经济委员会、财政部《城市节约用水奖励暂行办法》,规定了对节约用水的企业或单位的鼓励和表彰措施。

(四)关于行政处罚。

为保证《规定》确定的各项节水管理措施得到有效实施,加大对违法行为的处置力度,根据《中华人民共和国行政处罚法》、《中华人民共和国水法》、《贵阳市城市节约用水管理条例》等法律、法规,结合本市实际,对违反本《规定》的行为,《规定》第二十三条至第二十六条分别设定了相应的行政处罚。




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CONSUMER COUNCIL ORDINANCE ——附加英文版

Hong Kong


 CONSUMER COUNCIL ORDINANCE
 (CHAPTER 216)
 CONTENTS
  
  ion
  I    PRELIMINARY
  hort title
  nterpretation
  II    INCORPORATION AND POWERS
  ncorporation of Consumer Council
  unctions of Council
  owers of Council
  embership of Council
  eetings of Council
  ommittees
  isclosure of member's interest
  Appointment of staff and advisers
  Documents of Council
  III    FINANCIAL
  Resources of Council
  Borrowing powers
  Investment of funds
  Estimates
  Accounts, audit and annual report
  IV    GENERAL
  Council not servant or agent of Crown
  Governor may give directions
  Protection of members of Council and committees
  Prohibition of exploitation of the Council's name for
advertisement
  oses
  Transitional provisions
  dule
 Whole document
  
  ncorporate the Consumer Council, to define its functions and 
powers,
  egative personal liability of members and employees for the 
Council's
  ts committees' acts or omissions, and for connected purposes.
  July 1977] L. N. 167 of 1977
 PART I PRELIMINARY
  
  hort title
  Ordinance may be cited as the Consumer Council Ordinance.
  nterpretation
  his Ordinance, unless the context otherwise requires--
  ncil" means the Consumer Council incorporated by section 3 (1);
  ancial year" means each period of 12 months ending with 31 March;
  ber" means a member of the Council.
 PART II INCORPORATION AND POWERS
  
  ncorporation of Consumer Council
  The Consumer Council existing at the commencement of this
Ordinance is
  by created a body corporate consisting of the persons who from
time to
  hold office as members of the Council.
  The Council shall have perpetual succession and a common 
seal and
  l be capable of suing and being sued and of doing and suffering 
all
  other acts and things as bodies corporate may lawfully do and
suffer.
  The Council shall continue to be known in the Chinese language
as.
  unctions of Council
  The functions of the Council are to protect and promote the 
interests
  onsumers of goods and services and purchasers, mortgagors and 
lessees
  mmovable property by--
  collecting, receiving and disseminating
  rmation concerning goods, services and immovable property;
  receiving and examining complaints by and giving advice to 
consumers
  oods and services and purchasers, mortgagors and lessees of 
immovable
  erty;
  taking such action as it thinks justified by information 
in its
  ession, including tendering advice to the Government or to any 
public
  cer;
  encouraging business and professional associations to
  blish codes of practice to regulate the activities of their
members;
  undertaking such other functions as the Council may adopt 
with the
  r approval of the Governor in Council.
  The Governor may be notice in writing to the Council 
declare any
  s, services or immovable property or class of goods, 
services or
  vable property to be outside the scope of the Council's 
functions
  r subsection (1).
  In subsection (1) and in section 5 (2) (c) "goods and services" 
does
  include goods and services which are--
  supplied by--
  the Government, the Urban Council or the Regional Council; or
(Amended
  f 1985 s. 60)
  a body mentioned in the Schedule; or
  made the subject of a declaration under subsection (2).
  The Governor in Council may, by order published in the Gazette, 
amend
  Schedule. (Amended 5 of 1992 s. 2)
  owers of Council
  The Council may do such things as are reasonably necessary to 
enable
  o carry out its functions.
  Without restricting the generality of subsection (1), the Council 
may
  arrying out its functions--
  acquire, hold and dispose of all kinds of property 
movable and
  vable and in any manner which it thinks fit;
  enter into any contract;
  undertake the testing and examination of goods and 
services and
  ection of immovable property; (Amended 5 of 1992s. 3)
  produce or distribute, by way of sale or otherwise, any 
publication
  h is of interest to consumers;
  do any thing which it may do under this ordinance in 
association or
  peration with any other person or sponsor any other person to do 
that
  g;
  charge for the use of any facility or service provided by the
Council;
  with the prior approval of the Governor, become a member 
of or
  liate to any international body concerned with consumer matters.
  
  embership of Council
  The Council shall consist of the following members--
  a Chairman who shall be appointed by the Governor for a 
term not
  eding 2 years;
  a Vice-Chairman who shall be appointed by the Governor for a term 
not
  eding 2 years; and (Replaced 28 of 1985 s. 2)
  not more than 20 other persons each of whom shall be appointed
by the
  rnor for a term not exceeding 2 years. (Replaced 28 of 1989 s.
2)
  The Chairman, Vice-Chairman and any other member 
appointed under
  ection (1) (c) may be reappointed upon expiry of their 
respective
  s of office. (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 2)
  The Chairman, Vice-Chairman and any other member 
appointed under
  ection (1) (c) may at any time-- (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 2)
  resign his office by notice to the Governor; or
  be removed therefrom by the Governor for permanent incapacity or
other
  icient cause, and upon such resignation or removal the term for 
which
  as appointed shall be deemed to have expired.
  Where the Chairman, Vice-Chairman or any other member appointed 
under
  ection (1) (c) is precluded by temporary incapacity or other 
cause
  exercising his functions as such for any period the 
Governor may
  int another person to act in place of the Chairman Vice-
Chairman or
  r member during such period with all such rights, powers, 
duties or
  ilities as if he had been appointed under subsection (1). (Amended 
28
  985s. 2)
  (Replaced 28 of 1985s. 2)
  Where any question arises under subsection (3) or (4) as to 
whether
  incapacity or cause exists or whether any incapacity is 
temporary or
  anent or any cause sufficient, the decision of the Governor 
thereon
  l be final.
  eetings of Council
  Meetings of the Council shall be held at such times and places
as the
  cil, the Chairman or in his absence, the Vice-Chairman may from 
time
  ime appoint.
  The following procedural provisions shall apply to
  y meeting of the Council and subject thereto the Council may 
regulate
  own procedure--
  at meetings of the Council 11 members shall form a quorum; 
(Replaced
  f 1989 s. 3. Amended 5 of 1992 s. 4)
  the Chairman or in his absence, the Vice-Chairman shall preside
or, if
  are absent or disqualified under section 9 (c), the members 
present
  l appoint one of their number to preside;
  every question shall be determined by a majority of votes 
of the
  ers present and voting thereon;
  in the event of an equality of votes the member presiding shall
have a
  ing vote in addition to his ordinary vote.
  nded 28 of 1985 s. 3)
  
  ommittees
  The Council may appoint committees and may delegate to 
them the
  cise and performance of any of its powers and functions except 
this
  r of delegation.
  Persons who are not members of the Council are
  ible for appointment to committees.
  Subject to the terms of any delegation by the 
Council, every
  ittee--
  may exercise and perform the delegated powers and functions
  the same effect as if it were the Council itself;
  shall be presumed to be acting in accordance with the terms of 
the
  gation in the absence of proof to the contrary;
  may regulate its own procedure.
  isclosure of member's interest
  member of the Council, or of any committee of the Council, 
has a
  ct or indirect commercial interest in any matter under discussion
at a
  ing of the Council or of the committee, being an interest greater
than
  which he has as a member of the general public, the 
following
  isions shall apply--
  he shall disclose the nature of his interest at the meeting;
  the disclosure shall be recorded in the minutes;
  where the disclosure is made by the member presiding, he shall 
vacate
  chair during the discussion;
  the member (including one who has vacated the chair under
paragraph
  shall, if so required by the member presiding, withdraw 
from the
  ing during the discussion and shall not in any case, 
except as
  rwise determined by the member presiding, vote on any 
resolution
  erning the matter or be counted for the purpose of establishing 
the
  tence of a quorum.
  Appointment of staff and advisers
  Subject to subsection (4), the Council shall appoint a person to 
hold
  office of Chief Executive. (Amended 28 of 1985 s. 4)
  The Council may appoint such other employees as it thinks 
fit and
  ect to subsection (4), determine all matters relating 
to their
  neratior and terms and conditions of appointment or employment.
  The Council may engage the services of technical and 
professional
  sers in such manner and on such terms and conditions as it thinks
fit.
  The Council shall obtain the prior approval of the Governor to--
  any appointment proposed to be made under subsection (1) and the
terms
  conditions thereof;
  the suspension or dismissal of the Chief Executive;
  the salary or salary scale (including allowances and other 
pecuniary
  fits) and conditions of employment applicable to the Chief 
Executive
  every other employee or class employee, and any variation
thereof.
  nded 28 of 1985 s. 4)
  No person shall be employed by the Council otherwise than on the
salar
  alary scale or on the conditions of employment applicable to that
pers
  oved by the Governor under subsection (4).
  
  Documents of Council
  The Council may make and execute all such documents as may 
expedient
  or conducive to the exercise and performance of its power 
functions
  duties.
  The fixing of the seal of the Council to any document
  l--
  be authorized by resolution of the Council; and
  be authenticated by the signatures of any 2 members 
authorize by
  lution of the Council, either generally or specially, to ao for 
that
  ose.
  Any document purporting to be duly executed under the seal 
of the
  cil shall, unless the contrary is proved, be considered to be 
duly
  uted.
  Any contract or instrument which if entered into or executed 
by a
  on not being a body corporate would not be required to be in the 
form
  deed may be entered into or executed on behalf of the Council by 
any
  on generally or specially authorized by the Council for that 
purpose.
 PART III FINANCIAL
  
  Resources of Council
  The Governor may, out of money appropriated for the purpose 
by the
  slative Council, authorize payment to the Consumer Council 
of such
  nts as he thinks fit.
  The resources of the Council shall consist
  
  all money received by the Council pursuant to subsection (1);
  money paid to the Council by way of donations, fees, 
subscriptions,
  and interest;
  all other money and property, including accumulations of 
income,
  ived by the Council for its purposes.
  Borrowing powers
  Council may, with the approval of the Financial Secretary, 
borrow or
  rwise raise money and charge all or any part of its 
property as
  rity therefor.
  Investment of funds
  money of the Council that is not immediately required 
shall be
  sted--
  on fixed deposit in any bank or savings bank approved by the
  ncial Secretary, either generally or in any particular case, for 
the
  ose; or
  in such other forms of investment as the Financial 
Secretary may
  ove.
  Estimates
  Council shall in each financial year adopt estimates of 
income and
  nditure for the ensuing financial year and, before a date 
to be
  inted by the Financial Secretary, send them to the Governor for 
his
  oval together with a programme of its proposed activities 
for the
  ing financial year.
  
  Accounts, audit and annual report
  The Council shall keep proper accounts and proper records in 
relation
  eto and shall within 3 months after the expiry of a financial year,
or
  further period as the Financial Secretary may allow, 
prepare a
  ement of the accounts of the Council, which statement shall
include an
  me and expenditure account and a balance sheet.
  The Council
  l, subject to subsection (3), appoint an auditor, who 
shall be
  tled to have access at any time to all books of account, vouchers 
and
  r financial records of the Council and to require such information
and
  anations relating thereto as he thinks fit.
  The Council shall obtain the prior approval of the Financial
Secretary
  ny appointment proposed to be made under subsection (2).
  The auditor shall, as soon as is practicable, audit the 
accounts
  ired by subsection (1) and shall submit a report thereon 
to the
  cil.
  The Council shall within 3 months after the receipt by it 
of the
  tor's report in respect of its accounts for a financial 
year, or
  in such further period as the Financial Secretary may allow,
furnish--
  a report on the affairs of the Council for that year;
  a copy of its accounts therefor; and
  the auditor's report on the accounts, to the Governor who shall 
cause
  same to be tabled in the Legislative Council.
 PART IV GENERAL
  
  Council not servant or agent of Crown
  Council is not a servant or agent of the Crown and does not enjoy 
any
  us, immunity or privilege of the Crown.
  Governor may give directions
  The Governor may, if he considers that the public 
interest so
  ires, give to the Council such directions as he thinks 
fit with
  ect to the exercise and performance by the Council of its 
powers,
  tions and duties under this Ordinance, either generally or 
in any
  icular case.
  The Council shall comply with any direction given to 
it under
  ection (1).
  Protection of members of Council and committees
  No member or employee of the Council or of any committee 
of the
  cil shall be personally liable for any act done or default made--
  by the Council; or
  by any committee of the Council, acting in good faith in the course
of
  operations of the Council or of the committee.
  The protection hereby conferred on members and employees 
of the
  cil or of a committee in respect of any act or default shall not 
in
  way affect any liability of the Council for that act or default.
  
  Prohibition of exploitation of the Council's name for 
advertisement
  oses
  No person shall, with a view to promoting or disparaging any
  s, services or immovable property or promoting the image 
of any
  on, publish or cause to be published any advertisement which 
either
  essly or by implication makes reference to--
  the Council;
  any committee, member, agent or employee of the Council;
  the Council's publication or finding of tests or surveys
conducted by
  n behalf of the Council; or
  any other information published by the Council, without 
written
  ent of the Council.
  Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence 
and is
  le to a fine of $ 100,000.
  For the purpose of subsection (1) "advertisement" may be 
constituted
  ny words, whether written or spoken, or any picture, drawing, 
visual
  e, figure or article--
  appearing in any publication; or
  brought to the notice of the public or any section of the public 
in
  other way. (Replaced 5 of 1992 s. 5)
  Transitional provisions
  All property of whatever kind and whether movable or immovable 
vested
  r belonging to the Consumer Council existing at the 
commencement of
  Ordinance shall as from that date vest in or belong to that 
Council
  ts corporate capacity without any further assurance.
  All obligations and liabilities of the said Consumer Council 
are as
  the commencement of this Ordinance the obligations and
liabilities of
  Council in its corporate capacity.
  Where anything has been commenced by or under the authority 
of the
  Consumer Council before the commencement of this Ordinance such
thing
  be carried on any completed by the Council in its corporate
capacity.
  Every person who immediately before the commencement of this
Ordinance
  s an appointment as Chairman, Executive Director or a member of 
the
  Consumer Council is, as from such commencement but subject to 
the
  s of his appointment, the Chairman, Executive Director, or a
member of
  Council, as the case may be, for the purposes of this Ordinance.
  Notwithstanding the definition of "financial year" in section 
2 the
  od between the commencement of this Ordinance and 31 March 1978 
shall
  eemed to be a financial year.
  No stamp duty shall be payable in respect of any transfer of 
property
  r this section.
 SCHEDULE
  
  Television Limited
  a Light and Power Company, Limited
  a Motor Bus Company, Limited
  Cross-Harbour Tunnel Company, Limited
  Marketing Organization
  Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited
  Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Company Limited

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   案情
1992年,原住江西省瑞金市黄柏乡瑞兰村兴村小组的钟益辉在县城购买了房屋居住(其本人仍为农村户口),便将农村的房屋出售给本村村民钟小华。双方签订了房屋买卖合同,约定钟益辉将位于瑞兰村兴村的自建房屋四间卖予钟小华名下为业,房价款7100元于签订协议的当日付清。同时,还写明对房屋门口原由钟益辉承包经营的一口水塘由买方钟小华经营。另一口在沙岭的水塘,口头约定也由买方经营。协议签订后,钟小华对房屋进行了改建,并对门口水塘靠近房屋部分填埋修成为道路,另一部分则种上了脐橙。对沙岭水塘钟小华则转包给了同村村民钟水发经营。2011年5月,钟益辉以钟小华擅自改变门口水塘的用途,未经其同意将沙岭水塘的经营权转包给他人为由,向法院起诉,要求收回两口水塘的承包经营权。

裁判
江西省瑞金市人民法院经审理认为,原、被告双方签订合同后,房屋已交付,房款已付清,故可认定协议成立并已生效。原告以协议及口头的形式分别将两口水塘的经营权流转给被告,双方并未明确流转期限,故本案土地转包合同应为不定期合同。被告在取得经营权后,在未征得原承包户同意的情况下,将门口水塘改变用途及将沙岭水塘转包给他人经营均系违约行为。基于土地经营权流转合同为不定期,被告又存在违约行为,故原告有权解除门口水塘及沙岭水塘的土地流转合同,对其要求判决被告返还两口水塘经营权的请求应予以支持。法院判决:原告对门口水塘、沙岭水塘均享有土地承包经营权;解除原告与被告之间的土地经营权流转合同关系,第三人钟水发应在本判决生效后三十日内将沙岭水塘返还给原告经营,被告钟小华在下一个适合脐橙移植的季节结束前将脐橙移种他处并将门口水塘返还给原告经营。
被告钟小华不服一审判决,提起上诉。
江西省赣州市中级人民法院经审理认为,合同核心内容是买卖房屋,尽管也约定了门口水塘由钟小华经营,但没有约定将门口水塘转让。土地承包经营权转让是一次性将承包经营权这一用益物权转让给受让人的一种流转方式,是一种不能回转的流转形式。土地承包经营权的转让应当采用较为严谨的方式,即采用书面合同的形式明确,没有书面合同或合同约定不清的,不能推定有土地承包经营权转让之意。从维护农村土地承包的稳定性出发,应作有利于原承包户的理解,即不认为长期经营即是转让,而作不定期合同认定。法院判决:驳回上诉,维持原判。

评析
1.原承包经营户迁入小城镇居住是否丧失承包经营权资格
钟益辉全家的户口除其本人外,在1992年就迁入瑞金市区并转为非农业户口,但瑞金是县级市,县城还属小城镇。根据农村土地承包法第二十六条的规定:“承包期内,承包方全家迁入小城镇落户的,应当按照承包方的意愿,保留其土地承包经营权或者允许其依法进行土地承包经营权流转。”所以,对原承包地他仍有权保留。反之,如果其全家迁入的是设区的市,并转为非农业户口的,则应将承包的土地交回发包方。承包方不交回的,发包方可以收回承包的土地。
2.关于土地流转的方式
本案争议双方于1992年签订房屋买卖合同时,曾对门口水塘约定由钟小华经营,但没有约定是转让给其经营,还是转包给其经营,是临时经营还是长期经营,容易使人产生歧义。农村土地承包法第三十七条规定:“土地承包权采取转包、出租、互换、转让或其他方式流转,当事人双方应签订书面合同。采用转让方式流转的,应当经发包方同意;采用转包、出租、互换或其他方式流转的应当报发包方备案。”因此,没有签订书面合同或合同约定不明的,不能认定为有土地承包经营权转让的意思表示。本案双方虽在合同中约定门口水塘由购买方经营,至今已达二十年之久,但不能据此认定长期经营即是转让。最高人民法院《关于审理涉及农村土地承包纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第十七条规定:“当事人对转包、出租地流转期限没有约定或者约定不明的,参照合同法第二百三十二条规定处理。除当事人另有约定或者属于林地承包经营外,承包地交回的时间应当在农作物收获期结束后或者下一耕种期开始前。”对本案歧义,应作有利于原承包户的理解,即认定为不定期转包合同。原承包户要求收回承包地,可视为终止不定期合同,因此,其请求获得法院的支持。

本案案号:(2011)瑞民一初字第355号,(2012)赣中民一终字第14号

(作者单位:江西省瑞金市人民法院)

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